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64 pages 2 hours read

The Book of Margery Kempe

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 1436

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Proem-PrefaceChapter Summaries & Analyses

Proem Summary

Margery’s story intends to bring consolation and understanding of Christ to sinners. The book details how Christ brough Margery out of sin, “through the prompting of the Holy Ghost” (3), making her a dedicated believer. She engaged in regular ascetic acts, like fasting, as demonstrations of her devotion and Christ had mercy on her during times of need, like illness. God’s love humbled Margery (“this creature”) so that she invited the contempt of others as a form of suffering because it strengthened her dedication. Regret for her past sinful misdeeds led her to copious weeping as an act of “contrition” (4).

The divine revealed “secret things” (4) to her so that she could foresee events and outcomes. She held regular conversations with God in her mind, causing her to weep and often alienating her contemporaries. She visited many educated clerics and anchorites about her experiences to determine their legitimacy. They told her the words came from God and encouraged her to record her experiences. Margery refused because God told her not to until two decades later “when it pleased our Lord” (5).

An Englishman visiting her home recorded her recollections just before he died. A priest well-acquainted with Margery then took up the cause of transcription because of the first version’s poor quality and illegibility. However, this priest betrayed Margery when he was swayed by vicious rumors about her weeping and therefore delayed writing the book for several years. Eventually, this priest had second thoughts about his betrayal and took up the project again, with Margery’s assistance.

The book is non-linear in style. The recollections appear as Margery remembered events. The chronology became jumbled in her memory since much time had elapsed. This Proem was authored in 1436, after the Preface that follows, to create a more robust narrative.

Preface Summary

The book is a short recounting of Margery’s conversion from being a worldly to a spiritual creature. She embraced poverty, experienced illness, and endured criticism throughout many regions. The text explains these events in a non-linear order based on Margery’s recollections. A cleric recorded the text two decades after she embraced the religious life and after another man produced an inferior version. The priestly scribe drew from this earlier version, but he was unable to read for four years after Margery brought it to him. He began to record the current text in 1436.

Proem-Preface Analysis

The Proem and Preface to The Book of Margery Kempe preview themes that appear throughout the document and explain how the manuscript came into being. The book is intended to serve as an exemplum, a medieval text that provides moral instruction. Margery hopes her life will be a model for other “sinners” who might be guided to the correct, godly path.

Many of the elements of the text are reminiscent of early Christian and medieval saints’ vitae (lives). These texts were biographies typically recorded after the subject’s death and were intended to promote their veneration as a saint. Many medieval saints’ lives, especially in the later Middle Ages, emphasize The Cult of the Virgin Mary, Femininity and Mysticism, and The Importance of the Christian Pilgrimage. These themes permeate Margery’s book, placing her firmly within larger cultural and religious trends of the late medieval period (See: Background).

However, Margery’s book was recorded during her life and at her instruction. She served as the primary author, with her recollections filtered through the scribe who recorded them. The Proem and the Preface also note the challenges associated with the process of recording this autobiography, for the first version was so poorly written that the second scribe could not effectively read it. Even middle-class people, like Margery and her family members, had limited literacy skills. However, as the chapters that follow show, this lack of literacy did not mean Margery was wholly uneducated or religiously ignorant.

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