60 pages • 2 hours read
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Content Warning: This section contains a discussion of teen alcohol abuse and alcohol poisoning.
Going to college is a time of transition from childhood to adulthood. As Cath and Wren navigate their first semester of college, they have vastly different approaches to exploring their identity as they come of age. Because of their mother’s desertion 10 years ago, change makes Cath nervous and upset; she wants things to stay as they have been. Wren wants so badly to escape the trauma of their youth that she overcorrects, binge drinking and dramatically restricting her diet.
Both Cath and Wren had to grow up before their time after their mother left when they were eight. In the wake of her abandonment, they both exhibited symptoms of extreme trauma: Wren stole “Simon Snow pencils and Lip Smackers and a Britney Spears CD” and “cut some other girl’s dress with safety scissors,” while Cath “wet her pants during Social Studies because she was scared to raise her hand to ask for a bathroom pass” (144). Due to his mental health conditions, their father often could not appropriately care for them. Cath and Wren saw it as their responsibility to recognize the signs when their father needed medical intervention and blamed themselves when they missed them. At the age of eight, they became caretakers to their father, rather than the other way around. Cath learned to make breakfast and Wren learned to make dinner because “it was either cook or hope that [their father] remembered to pick up Happy Meals on the way home from work” (233). During this time, their primary avenue of support was one another. Having to co-parent their father and support themselves, they never got to experience their childhoods or build their own identities.
This co-dependence influences the twins in different ways. Cath wants to “melt down” at the idea of not having Wren by her side constantly. She perceives any distance between the twins as Wren making her “do this alone” (7), while Wren wants college “to be an adventure” where they both “mee[t] new people” (6). However, while Cath escapes the pressures of coming into adulthood by spending time in the World of Mages with Simon and Baz in her fanfiction, Wren uses her newfound freedom to sneak into bars and drink to the point of “blackout” every weekend for multiple days in a row. Both are attempting to escape their past and the pressures of developing independent identities in different ways.
While their father hopes Wren will “self-correct. That she’[ll] get it out of her system” (348), her behaviors lead to her being hospitalized for alcohol poisoning. Though Wren initially resents the consequences of her hospitalization—like having to return home every weekend—she also reassesses what is important and which people in her life will stand by her side through hardships, distancing herself from her hard-partying roommate to spend more time with her new boyfriend and Cath. To explore her adult identity, Wren veered away from her family, but as she truly comes of age, she realizes she does not need to distance herself from her family to be her own person.
Similarly, Cath realizes that she has an identity separate from Wren, her father, and her fanfiction community, though all three of them remain important to her. She learns to let go of the need to take responsibility for Wren and their father and to trust new friends like Levi and Reagan. Cath choosing to room with Reagan again and asking Wren to live on the same floor symbolize the happy medium she has found between being her own person and relying on her family. While Wren and Cath explore their identity in opposite ways as they come of age and enter college, they both eventually find healthy avenues for their growth into adulthood.
As Cath experiences Coming of age and exploring identity and navigating romantic relationships for the first time, she faces external and internal conflict. Externally, she struggles to care for her father during a mental health crisis and her sister during a medical crisis. Internally, she experiences anxiety that significantly affects her day-to-day activities and interactions. Amidst this turmoil, Cath’s fandom community and her fanfiction serve as a support system and an escape.
When Professor Piper asks Cath’s fiction writing class why they write, Cath thinks about why she writes fanfiction: “To be somewhere else […] To get free of ourselves […] To stop being anything or anywhere at all […] To disappear” (22-23). When Cath writes fanfiction about Simon and Baz, “for those hours […] their world supplant[s] the real world” (96). There are many things in Cath’s life that she wants to control but cannot. She cannot control her father or Wren when they engage in unhealthy behaviors like staying up all night, not eating, or drinking to excess. While writing Carry On, Cath has full control of everything that happens to the characters she loves. When something happens in Gemma T. Leslie’s canon that Cath or other fans perceive as not doing justice to a character or missing an opportunity to create a poignant moral point, they can write fanfiction that fulfills the potential the canon missed.
Cath’s tens of thousands of fans “[are] always telling Cath that they [can’t] look at canon the same way after reading her stuff” (51). After reading Cath’s novel-length fic Carry On, Cath’s fans begin to ask themselves, “Why does Gemma hate Baz?” (51). In other words, why does the original Simon Snow author treat the character of Baz in an antagonistic and ungenerous way when a more nuanced, complex, and poignant way is possible, as demonstrated by Cath’s writing? While Cath partially writes fanfiction to escape from the real world, she also uses her writing to critique and nuance a story beloved by a large community. This aspect of Cath’s fanfiction gets to the heart of the community of fandom and fanfiction: “Fandom is the collective experience of fans, mainly women and genderqueer individuals, who build things together, support each other, and learn from each other” (Romano, Aja. “Defending Fandom Is Exhausting. Let’s Start Celebrating It Instead.” Vox, 7 June 2016). Fandom gives people from marginalized identities a space to connect regardless of geographical, financial, or other obstacles to connecting in real life.
For Cath, who experiences anxiety that affects her daily activities and interactions, fan communities provide a more comfortable space to interact with people. Nevertheless, she comes to recognize that dedicating herself to fandom and fanfiction to the exclusion of real-life people and original fiction is harmful to her growth. By the end of the novel, Cath learns to balance her love of her fan community with her growing real-life community, embracing the gifts fandom has given her while opening herself up to new people and opportunities.
Going into college, Cath has a long-term boyfriend named Abel. Wren calls Abel an “end table” because the fondest descriptors Cath can find for his role as her boyfriend are that he is “perfectly good” and “steady” (35). With an early life characterized by her mother’s abandonment, steadiness is something Cath prizes highly. Wren observes that she prizes it at the expense of passion or real romantic feelings; she says she wishes that Cath would date someone she “actually like[s] to kiss” (35). As she and Wren enter a more adult phase of life, Cath realizes that her perception of a “real” relationship is changing. She thought her relationship with Abel was real but now realizes that the reason Abel made her feel safe was because she did not have any romantic feelings for him, which meant he could not hurt her.
At college, Cath learns to recognize and navigate a real romantic relationship through contrasting experiences with two boys, Nick and Levi. The ways she discusses her fanfiction with each boy illustrate the different lessons about love and relationships she learns from them. Before Nick steals Cath’s work to turn in for his final exam, she thinks about telling him about her fanfiction but never musters the courage. Nick is resistant to writing love stories; he calls their collaborative story an “anti-love” story. His writing is “dirtier and grimier than anything Cath would ever write” (83), and his perspective on writing about love makes Cath self-conscious about her fanfiction writing. By contrast, when she tells Levi about her fanfiction, she is nervous he’ll assume she is “a freak and a nerd and a pervert” (124), but Levi says he thinks they’re “sort of cool” and wants to learn more. He not only does not judge Cath, but he also wants to hear more about her interests, as opposed to Nick, who is judgmental about writing romance.
These different approaches foreshadow the outcomes of Cath’s relationships with Nick and Levi: Nick will betray her and steal her writing, while Levi always stands by her. They also foreshadow the lessons Cath will learn about how to build a successful romantic relationship. Though she initially pushes her instincts aside, Cath subconsciously recognizes that Nick’s attitudes and behaviors signal that he is not a person with whom it is safe for her to be vulnerable. She belatedly recognizes that his flattery and flirtation were manipulation tactics, and when he tries to use them on her again, she uses her newfound knowledge to shut him down and stand up for herself.
From her relationship with Levi, Cath learns to let herself feel scary, vulnerable feelings, such as romantic and sexual attraction, which she previously had explored only through writing. As she begins a romantic relationship with Levi, she sometimes thinks about their encounters through the lens of the romance scenes she has written in the past. When they kiss, she thinks about how she has always loved the word “kiss” and so had “used it sparingly in her fic, just because it felt so powerful. It felt like kissing to say it” (397). Though Cath initially thinks her fanfiction has nothing to do with her real romantic life, it becomes both a thing she can bond over with Levi and a reference point for how she views their unfolding romantic relationship as she moves into adulthood and explores her individual identity. It also teaches her the importance of listening and communication in navigating romantic relationships. Just as Levi was open and curious about Cath’s fanfiction, Cath learns to be open to Levi’s interests and insecurities, helping him with his reading challenges and learning to listen to his side when they have misunderstandings.
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By Rainbow Rowell